MENYA ITANDUKANIRO RIRI HAGATI YA Windows 7, 8 NA 10

 

Kuwa 29 Nyakanga 2015; nyuma y’imyaka itatu gusa ikigo gikora ibyikoranabuhanga cya Microsoft gishyize kw’soko uburyo bwo gukoresha mudasobwa(Operating System ) bwa “Windows 8”, bashyize hanze “Windows 10”. Ibi byabaye nyuma y’uko abakiriya ba Microsoft binubiye bikomeye imikorere ya “”Windows 8” ndetse  benshi bakihitiramo gukomeza gukoresha ""yari yayibanjirije.. Ubu buryo bwaje bukurikira ubundi bwinshi Microsoft yagiye isohora muri iyi myaka mirongo itatu ishize kuva kuwa 20 Ugushyingo 1985, ubwo kunshuro yambere bashyiraga ahagaragara “Windows 1.0”.

Mumyaka mirongo itatu ishize, Microsoft mu ishami ryayo rya ‘Mcrosoft Windows’; bamaze gushyira hagaragara uburyo bukoresha mudasobwa(Operating System) bwo mubwoko bwa Windows bugera burenga mukumyabiri na butanu. Muri ubwo harimo ubwa menyekanye cyane nka WindowsWindows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Vista, Window 7,… ndetse bugurishwa akayabo k’ amafaranga kw’isi yose; ari nabyo bituma nyiri ugushinga Microsoft ariwe Bill Gates akomeza kuza imbere mu bantu bakize kurusha abandi kw’ isi.

Ariko wakwibaza ari iyihe mpamvu hatabaho uburyo bumwe cyangwa se kuki iryo hindagurika rya buri munsi. Impamvu ikubiye kubice bibiri by’ingenzi;

• ·        Icyambere kigendanye n’iterambere mwikorwa ryaz mudasobwa aho usanga umunsi kumunsi indanda zikora mudasobwa zigenda zitera imbere muri technology bigatera ikorwa ryaza mudasobwa zifite ubushobozi buhambaye. Kugirango rero mudasobwa zibyazwe umusaruro kurwego rumaramaje (maximimum) bisaba uburyo bwo kuzikoresha(Operating System) nazo zijyanye n’igihe(Update)
• ·        Icya kabiri ni ihindagurika mubishobora gukoreshwa za mudasobya. Muri ikigihe burigikorwa cyose kw’isi kigenda cyinjizwamo ikoranabuhanga bituma ibikenerwa nabakoresha za mudasobwa bigenda birushaho kuba byinshi kandi bikaba bitandukanye. Mudasobwa nti igikoresho cyo kwandika cyangwa kohererezanya ubutumwa gusa; ubu mudasobwa zikoreshwa mumirimo igize ubukungu bw’isi haba mubwikorezi, mungendo, mubucuruzi, mugucunga umutekano no mwitumanaho riteye imbere rikoresha ibyogajuru…ndetse no mumirimo ya buri munsi nko guhinga, korora, kubaka, guteka n’ibindi.

Ni muri urwo rwego nifujeko twagereranya ububuryo dukoresha umunsi kumunsi muri zamudasobwa kugirango buri  wese abe yakwihitiramo bitewe nibyo akunda ndetse nibyo yifuza gukoresha mudasobwa ye. Turibanda kuburyo butatu buri kugara gara cyane muri zamudasobwa muri ino minsi aribwo Windows 7, Windows 8 na Windows 10.

1.     Igihe cyo Kwatsa Mudasobwa(Boot time)

 Hapimwe igihe mudasobwa ifata kuva kukirango cya Microsoft kugera aho ushobora gukoresha mudasobwa. Mukugereranya imikorere hakoreshejwe mudasobwa zimwe, nukuga zifite ibikoresho bifatika(hardwares) bisa; ndetse nibindi(System Manufacturer, system model, BIOS, Processor, Memory, DirectX version ) bigenderwaho bareba imikorere ya mubasobwa bigaragazako ntatandukaniro rinini rigaragara hagati yigihe buri buryo(OS) bufata ngo butangire(boot) mudasobwa. Ibisubizo by’igerageza byerekanyeko bitandukamywa n’amasegonda abiri na rimwe nkuko bigaragara kuri icyi gishushanyo.

Mukwatsa bigaragara ko Windows 10 itinda ujyereranyije nizindi. Ariko mugihe wari wasize(Hybrid Sleep= Hibernate+sleep) isinjirije mudasobwa yawe, biroroshye kuza ugahita ukomeza imirimo yawe muri windows 10 kurusha ahandi hose kuko yo ikanguka byihuse kurusha Windows 7 na 8 nkuko bigaragara kuri ikigishushanyo cyo hasi.

2.     Kwihuta mu mikorere(Application Performance Rate)

Hakoreshejwe amwe muma programs yifashishwa umunsi kuwundi. Ibisubizo byaje bitandukanye nkuko bigaragara kubishushanyo bikurikira:

Muri Microsoft Excel 2013, window 7 niyo iza imbere mukwihuta hagakurikiraho Windows 10 naho Windows 8 igaheruka. Ariko ikinyuranyo nabwo ntago cyiri hejuru cyane.

Mukujya kuri internet hakoreshejwe Firefox Browser; byagaragayeko window &ariyo yitwaye neza kurusha Window 8 na 10 kuko yihuta kukigero cy’ibyigihumbi 933 by’isegonda.

Hakoreshejwe Chrome Browser mukujya kuri internet,Windows yongeye kuzanikira nkuko icyo gishushanyo cyo hejuru kibigaragaza; ariko Windows 10 yaje imbere ya Windows 8.

Hakoreshejwe Microsoft Browser; izi ni internet browsers zizana nama Windows ubwayo nukuvuga Internet Explorer muri Windows 7 na 8, na Edge Browser muri Windows 10; bigaragaza ikinyuranyo kinini cyane aho Windows 10 iza imbere yizindi.

Kuri Adobe Photoshop CC, Windows 10 yongeye kugaragaza integenke ugereranyije niza yibanjirije arizo Windows 7 na 8, ariko Windows 8 yarushije Window 7 gukora vuba.

Mugufungura inyandiko zo mubwoko bwa PDF ukoresheje Adobe Illistrator CC ibisubizo byaje bingana kuma Operating Systems uko ari atatu.

3.     Imikorere y’ububiko buvuye hanze

Byagaragayeko Windows 10 na Windows 8 bikora kimwe iyo hacometseho Flash Disk(USB Storage) na SSD

4.     Ubufasha bwa Microsoft (Microsoft Support)

Kuri buri bwoko bwa Windows bushyashya busohotse Microsoft Windows ishyiraho igihe runaka yemerera abakiriya bayo ubufasha mu byatekinike. Kuri Windows 7 ubwo bufasha buzarangirana numwaka wa 2020, Windows 8 buzarangirana numwaka wa 2023 naho Windows 10 bukaba bugeza mu 2025.

5.     Ubwoko bw’imizingo yemera gusoma (Supported File System)

Windows za Microsoft zemera gusoma imizingo yo mubwoko bwa FAT12, FAT16, FAT32,HPFS  cyangwa NTFS(iyi niyo yonyine Operating System ishobora kubikwamo muri mudasobwa). Zemera kandi uburyo bwa ISO 9660 ari nabwo butuma ushobora gushyira Windows shyashya muri mudasobwa cyangwa usimbuza isanzwemo. Zisoma kandi inyandiko zo mubwoko bwa UDF buzifasha gusoma ibiri kuri CDs, DVDs nibindi bwose byo mubwoko bwa Blu-ray.

6.     Ubushakiro (Search Engine)

Mubyo abakiriya ba Microsoft bakunze kwinubirakuri Windows 8 harimo nuburyo bwo gushaka ibintu bibitse muri mudasobwa kuko bari barabikuye kumurongo utangira aho byari bimenyerewe muri Windows 7(Start Menu). Muri Windows 10 ubwo buryo babugaruyeho ariko bashyizeho  nuburyo bwisumbuye bwo gushakisha kuburyo ikibuze kuri mudasobwa ushobora guhita ukibona kuri Internet bitagusabye gufungura Microsoft Browser. Ibi babijyezeho bakoresheje ubuhanga bwa Cortana bushobora no gusubiza amajwi yubajije bushakishije kuri internet.

7.     Imikoreshereze ya Applications

Applications(Softwares) nizo zitegeka mudasobwa ibyo igomba gukora. Bitandukanye nibyari bimenyerewe ko muri Windows 7 na 8, ubu muri windows 10 Softwares zo muri mudasobwa zishobora gukoreshwa no kuri Telephones na Tablets zifitemo Microsoft Windows nka Operating System yazo ibi bikaba aribyo bise Universal Apps. Muburyo bise Mcrosoft’s Continuum ushobora gucomeka Telephone cyangwa Tablets kuri mudasobwa ukayikoresha ibyo mudasobwa yashoboraga gukora byose.

Mugusoza nababwirako ubumushobora gukora “UPGRADE” muva muri Windows 7 cyangwa Windows 8 mujya muri Windows 10 ntakiguzi bibasabye. Icyo bisaba nukuba ufite icyo bita Product Key ya Windows warusangamywe hamwe na mudasobwa ifite ibi bikurikira:

• RAM: 1 gigabyte (GB) for 32-bit or 2GB for 64-bit
• Hard disk space: 16 GB for 32-bit OS 20GB for 64-bit OS
• Graphics card: DirectX 9 or later with WDDM 1.0 driver
• Display: 800 x 600

Mugihe hakiri byinshi twiteguye kungukira muri Windows 10, nkuko twabibonyeko Microsoft Windows igenda ivugurura ibicuruzwa byayo uko iminsi igenda yiyongera birikwisoko; twakwitegura ibyiza ejo hazaza. Ariko nimbi wumva ibyo ufite muri mudasobwa yawe biguhagije , bigendanye nakazi kawe ntampamvu yatuma ufata umwanya ngo ujye guhindura Windows doreko ari ibintu bifata umwanya kandi bigasaba umuntu ubisobanukiwe kuko ikosa rito rishobora kwangiza byinshi; bikaba byakuviramo kubura ibyo wari warabitse kuri mudasobwa cyangwa bikayica kuburyo bizagusaba andi mafaranga yo kuyikoresha.